Chapter Thirteen Notes

Atomic Theory

Epicurus lived from 341 to 270 BC and was one of the early proponents of atomic theory. Click More for details on Atomic Theory.

Bitts

Bitts are used to hang lines or coils of rope on.

Deadly Sins and Heavenly Virtues

The Seven Deadly Sins were Greed, Lust, Gluttony, Anger, Pride, Sloth and Envy.

Headed for Extinction

Extinction. The Oxford English Dictionary defines extinction as: The quenching or putting out of fire, light, anything burning or shining, or figuratively, of hope, passion or life.

HMS Victory

HMS Victory was Nelson’s Flagship. She is the oldest serving warship in the world and is moored in the Historic Dockyards.

Le Protée and L’Invincible

Le Protée was built in 1772 at the Brest shipyards. L’Invincible was captured off Finisterre in 1747 and was commissioned into the Royal Navy in 1757.

Refrigeration

The term Refrigeration was coined by Thomas Moore in 1800.

Religious Freedom and the Constitution

Luther 95 Propositions, published on October 31, 1517 led to the splintering of the Catholic Church and could thus be construed as the beginning of religious freedom.

Robert Boyle’s experiments

Robert Boyle experimented with the composition of air.

The 18-Pounder Canon

An 18-pounder canon was so called because it fired a ball weighing 18 lbs. The gun itself would have weighed in excess of 3,000 lbs. The ball would have been about 3.5 inches in diameter.

The Bosin’s cry: All Hands. Out or down…

Up all Hammocks. All Hands. Out or down. Show a leg. Rise or fall. Here comes me knife, cutting with a clear conscience!”

This was a traditional cry from the Bosun when raising a sleeping watch for their turn on deck.

The Steam Engine

The Steam Engine was not invented by James Watt, he merely refined the work of Thomas Savery and Thomas Newcomen.

The Top Sail Lift

A top-sail lift a part of the running rigging of a ship, used to manipulate the topsail.

You villainous rapparee…

You villainous rapparee This is slang from the 19th C. Click on More to translate the exchange between Thomas and Kipper.